[ERROR] Remote command exited without exit status or exit signal

Builder: QEMU
Box OS: Arch Linux

Relevant files:
Build file
Main provisioner

My error:

[folaht@pjehrsohmehj mai-base]$ PACKER_LOG=1 packer build manjaro-arm-installer.pkr.hcl
...
    manjaro-arm-installer.qemu.main: >>>> install-base.sh: Installation complete!
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [ERROR] Remote command exited without exit status or exit signal.
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 2300218
2021/08/18 14:49:05 [INFO] 36924 bytes written for 'stdout'
2021/08/18 14:49:05 [INFO] 3578 bytes written for 'stderr'
2021/08/18 14:49:05 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 2300218
2021/08/18 14:49:05 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 2300218
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-provisioner-shell plugin: [INFO] 36924 bytes written for 'stdout'
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-provisioner-shell plugin: [INFO] 3578 bytes written for 'stderr'
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-provisioner-shell plugin: [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 2300218
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [DEBUG] Opening new ssh session
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [ERROR] ssh session open error: 'EOF', attempting reconnect
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [DEBUG] reconnecting to TCP connection for SSH
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [DEBUG] handshaking with SSH
2021/08/18 14:49:05 packer-provisioner-shell plugin: Retryable error: Error removing temporary script at /tmp/script_2708.sh: ssh: handshake failed: read tcp 127.0.0.1:51708->127.0.0.1:3602: read: connection reset by peer
2021/08/18 14:49:07 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [DEBUG] Opening new ssh session
2021/08/18 14:49:07 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [ERROR] ssh session open error: 'client not available', attempting reconnect
2021/08/18 14:49:07 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [DEBUG] reconnecting to TCP connection for SSH
2021/08/18 14:49:07 packer-builder-qemu plugin: [DEBUG] handshaking with SSH
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: KVM internal error. Suberror: 1
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: emulation failure
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: EAX=0003009c EBX=01010fdf ECX=00031400 EDX=0000a757
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: ESI=01019301 EDI=00009596 EBP=0101de3f ESP=000001c7
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: EIP=0000feff EFL=00010086 [--S--P-] CPL=0 II=0 A20=1 SMM=0 HLT=0
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: ES =db00 000db000 0000ffff 00009300
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: CS =0012 00000120 0000ffff 00009b00
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: SS =0000 00000000 0000ffff 00009300
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: DS =b000 000b0000 0000ffff 00009300
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: FS =0000 00000000 0000ffff 00009300
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: GS =0000 00000000 0000ffff 00009300
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: LDT=0000 00000000 0000ffff 00008200
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: TR =0000 00000000 0000ffff 00008b00
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: GDT=     00000000 00000000
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: IDT=     00000000 000003ff
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: CR0=00000010 CR2=00000000 CR3=00000000 CR4=00000000
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: DR0=0000000000000000 DR1=0000000000000000 DR2=0000000000000000 DR3=0000000000000000
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: DR6=00000000ffff0ff0 DR7=0000000000000400
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: EFER=0000000000000000
2021/08/18 14:49:09 packer-builder-qemu plugin: Qemu stderr: Code=f3 06 20 65 6b 8a 4b 7f 54 a6 e7 0b ce 01 6c ab 24 43 14 9c <dc> 05 32 3f 95 2d 53 8a 67 54 6e ca 06 92 4a 90 d8 b1 e1 16 cf 44 d6 ff 1c 70 af 84 56 47
2021/08/18 14:50:07 packer-provisioner-shell plugin: Retryable error: Error removing temporary script at /tmp/script_2708.sh: Timeout during SSH handshake
...

Solved by fixing issues in my provisioner script.
This provisioner script error was actually present in the debug log.
I just missed it several times.

In my case it was btrfs-progs not being installed while using a btrfs file system.