When an ingress gateway’s listener is configured with a protocol of http, the HTTP Host header is normally required to be sent in request so that the gateway can route to the correct backend service. That requirement is documented on the hosts field under the ingress gateway configuration entry, and on the initial paragraphs in External <> Internal Services - Ingress Gateways | Consul by HashiCorp.
The exception is when the Hosts field contains a wildcard. This will match on any Host value, or in your case the absence of the Host header, and route those requests to the specified service.
I hope this helps. Please let me know if you have any additional questions.
P.S. - I replied to your issue on GitHub (hashicorp/consul#10592) last night. At the time I didn’t realize that you had also here. Lets continue the conversation on this thread.