How to use cdktf to local invoke aws lambda? Is it possible to use aws sam to do this, just like cdk?
No, CDKTF has no function for that, you need to rely on the aws cli for that.
The AWS provider does have both a data source & resource which invoke a lambda. Can those be used in this case via the CDKTF?
Here is the data source that stuart mentioned. It should be useable via the aws provider in cdktf.
https://registry.terraform.io/providers/hashicorp/aws/latest/docs/data-sources/lambda_invocation