Hello. I’ve been going around in circles trying to figure this one out and decided it’s time to just post even though I am sure it’s been brought up before.
I’m trying to use Packer to build Qemu images for Ubuntu 22.04.
My build machine is headless but I am able to watch the VM bootup via VNC.
So far as I can tell the autoinstall is running but the build inevitably fails when Packer attempts to connect with SSH.
I specifically get an auth failure, rather than timeout, etc so I’m fairly certain this is related to my cloud-init user data.
I’m going to paste the full hcl and user-data (with the password) because I don’t intend on actually using this password 
Any thoughts on how to solve this would be greatly appreciated.
kvm-ubuntu.pkr.hcl
packer {
required_plugins {
qemu = {
version = ">= 1.0.3"
source = "github.com/hashicorp/qemu"
}
ansible = {
version = ">= 1.0.1"
source = "github.com/hashicorp/ansible"
}
}
}
source "qemu" "test" {
vm_name = "test"
iso_url = "http://www.releases.ubuntu.com/22.04/ubuntu-22.04-live-server-amd64.iso"
iso_checksum = "sha256:84aeaf7823c8c61baa0ae862d0a06b03409394800000b3235854a6b38eb4856f"
shutdown_command = "sudo systemctl poweroff"
memory = 2048
disk_size = "5000M"
format = "qcow2"
http_directory = "http-server"
net_device = "virtio-net"
disk_interface = "virtio"
boot_wait = "3s"
ssh_username = "test"
headless = true
vnc_bind_address = "0.0.0.0"
ssh_password = "test"
ssh_timeout = "60m"
# ssh_private_key_file = "~/.ssh/id_ed25519"
boot_command = [
"<esc><esc><esc><esc>e<wait>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del><del><del><del><del><del><del><del>",
"<del>",
"linux /casper/vmlinuz --- autoinstall ds=\"nocloud-net;seedfrom=http://{{.HTTPIP}}:{{.HTTPPort}}/\"<enter><wait>",
"initrd /casper/initrd<enter><wait>",
"boot<enter>",
"<enter><f10><wait>",
]
}
build {
sources = ["source.qemu.test"]
# provisioner "ansible" {
# playbook_file = "./playbook.yml"
# roles_path = "../roles"
# }
}
http-server/user-data
#cloud-config
autoinstall:
version: 1
locale: en_US.UTF-8
keyboard:
layout: us
identity:
hostname: test
username: test
password: $6$rounds=4096$v7c.DGzyxCl7MvjD$bUZ1BehObKFyHhk1eiU28U8JJedhaMz9A.9hQldQ5py2wQPl/DMHuBiAliW2v6DoV4nTeBgNQ9xuXqQOQB1oR0
ssh:
allow-pw: true
install-server: true
packages:
- qemu-guest-agent
- cloud-initramfs-growroot
- openssh-server
user-data:
timezone: UTC
late-commands:
- "echo 'test ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /target/etc/sudoers.d/test"
- "chmod 440 /target/etc/sudoers.d/test"
terminal output
qemu.test: output will be in this color.
==> qemu.test: Retrieving ISO
==> qemu.test: Trying http://www.releases.ubuntu.com/22.04/ubuntu-22.04-live-server-amd64.iso
==> qemu.test: Trying http://www.releases.ubuntu.com/22.04/ubuntu-22.04-live-server-amd64.iso?checksum=sha256%3A84aeaf7823c8c61baa0ae862d0a06b03409394800000b3235854a6b38eb4856f
==> qemu.test: http://www.releases.ubuntu.com/22.04/ubuntu-22.04-live-server-amd64.iso?checksum=sha256%3A84aeaf7823c8c61baa0ae862d0a06b03409394800000b3235854a6b38eb4856f => /home/ing/.cache/packer/b9441068de828d36573e1274dfe77f69aebda15a.iso
==> qemu.test: Starting HTTP server on port 8110
==> qemu.test: Found port for communicator (SSH, WinRM, etc): 3827.
==> qemu.test: Looking for available port between 5900 and 6000 on 0.0.0.0
==> qemu.test: Starting VM, booting from CD-ROM
qemu.test: The VM will be run headless, without a GUI. If you want to
qemu.test: view the screen of the VM, connect via VNC without a password to
qemu.test: vnc://0.0.0.0:5988
==> qemu.test: Waiting 3s for boot...
==> qemu.test: Connecting to VM via VNC (0.0.0.0:5988)
==> qemu.test: Typing the boot command over VNC...
qemu.test: Not using a NetBridge -- skipping StepWaitGuestAddress
==> qemu.test: Using SSH communicator to connect: 127.0.0.1
==> qemu.test: Waiting for SSH to become available...
==> qemu.test: Error waiting for SSH: Packer experienced an authentication error when trying to connect via SSH. This can happen if your username/password are wrong. You may want to double-check your credentials as part of your debugging process. original error: ssh: handshake failed: ssh: unable to authenticate, attempted methods [none password], no supported methods remain
==> qemu.test: Deleting output directory...
Build 'qemu.test' errored after 3 minutes 34 seconds: Packer experienced an authentication error when trying to connect via SSH. This can happen if your username/password are wrong. You may want to double-check your credentials as part of your debugging process. original error: ssh: handshake failed: ssh: unable to authenticate, attempted methods [none password], no supported methods remain
==> Wait completed after 3 minutes 34 seconds
==> Some builds didn't complete successfully and had errors:
--> qemu.test: Packer experienced an authentication error when trying to connect via SSH. This can happen if your username/password are wrong. You may want to double-check your credentials as part of your debugging process. original error: ssh: handshake failed: ssh: unable to authenticate, attempted methods [none password], no supported methods remain
==> Builds finished but no artifacts were created.
